02 · Model Architectures

MoE

Mixture of Experts

A design that splits part of a model into multiple expert subnetworks and routes each token to a subset of them. It can increase total capacity without activating every parameter for every token, though routing and communication add complexity.

Concrete example

A model might hold two trillion parameters total but light up only a fraction of them for any one query.

Why it matters

A key efficiency trick in several frontier models — big “brain,” cheaper to run per query.